The Reaction of all Countries about the Nuclear test conducted by India
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Indian Nuclear Test exploded the moral hypocrisy
While Clinton administration imposed sanctions PTI unfolded the real picture of the American statesmen who have differed with the Clinton policy. They included a number of law makers and policy planners. Independent economic analysts thought that it could be counter-productive. Congressional Speaker Newt Gingrich wanted to know why Clinton picked on India while letting off China. Democrat Senator Daniel Moynihan pointed out that "India had as much right as the US or China to have nuclear weapons". Yilwaz Akyuz of the UNCTAD was of the view that "from the macro point of view India's economy did not look vulnerable to a payment crisis". Analysts felt that the sanctions would strip the US of leverage in New Delhi in any field.
Jeff Schott a researcher at the Institute of International Economics in Washington said, "Unless there is a broad initiative among allies, the sanctions will end up hurting the US and not India". Republican Dick Army, majority leader in the House of Representatives in a prime-time TV interview justified India's explosions in the context of US-abetted Sino-Pak collusion. Former ambassador to India Senator Daniel Patrick Moynihan was of the same view. He was of the view that "India is a major country basically friendly to the US; I think major sanctions are probably a mistake".
Philip Bowering in his essay said, "India has put up with neighbors' provocation for a long time. For 24 years it buckled under western pressure... It has got scant reward for this. India may have brought the nuclear issue back to reality and forced the United States to confront its own principles and priorities" Congress Speaker Newt Gingrich rightly said, "I'm curious about this one-sided imbalance, this anti-Indian bias and this willingness to forgive the Chinese anything." The Indian tests exploded the moral hypocrisy of the globo-cop (USA).The black pit by Clinton against India for Nuclear test
It rather seemed that Clinton administration had gone berserk. It went to the extent of withdrawing itself from the INDOEX (Indian Ocean Experiment) project that was guided by an international panel of renowned scientists including Paul J Crutzen, director of Max Planck Institute —a 1995 Nobel Laureate in Chemistry. The project aimed at uncovering the cooling effect of aerosols, a form of pollutants on global warming. There were also efforts to freeze, withdraw or revoke the visas of Indian professionals and students staying in US. Some 12,000 Indians, mostly computer professionals reach US each year.
Their inflow is considered beneficial to US economy. But the flaw was that the experts in computer software supplied to the US "were recruited by Tatas that is considered deeply involved in India's nuclear research including the May 11 and 13 detonations. It was number one in the receipt of visas for these experts. Another factor was that Tatas and the Indian Software scientists control this field not only in the States but Canada and to some extent Australia too. Clinton administration just wanted to slap the Indian experts and break their hegemony on the pretext of Pokhran blasts. But if Indians withdraw from this field it will be a doomsday for the computer world of US.
If there was anyone who could see the hollowness of the US sanctions it was the industrialists in India. They thought that in view of the Glenn (US senator, the first US astronaut who went again in the space ship in 1998) Amendment of 1994 US reaction was certain. But on the one hand wide ranging sanctions were unlikely—the others too will be short lived. Moreover as the chairman of the RPG group, R.P. Goenka said, "We are not a small country like Iraq or North Korea", "...the effect would not be much", L.M. Thapar head of Ballarpur Industries was of the opinion that "Foreign investors are more interested in the money they can make than in nuclear politics".Reaction of countries about India's Nuclear test in different views
H.M. Patel, former Director of the London School of Economics was sure that the international reaction would be adverse for a while but, "the noise will die down." It was rather echoed in a statement later on by Finance Minister Yash-want Sinha. Ron Somers', the managing director of the Mangalore Power Company which is executing the 1000 cogentrix project is confident that if the US Exim Bank stops funding we have alternative sources of funding. Banks, governments and industries in European countries would snatch the fields that US thought were its monopoly. In this way it is evident that sanctions will harm US not India. Moreover the West hasn't a soft corner for Beijing that imposes a long term threat because of its authoritarian regime. They won't allow China as the watch dog in Asia.
They won't like the "pro-China Clinton White House punishing the 960 million people of India for their temerity in behaving as equals of other great powers" as they consider China a long-term threat not only to Asia but the West too. Moreover Global trade rules also militate against the kind of sanctions envisaged by the US administration. They may result in lengthy legal disputes and undermine World Trade Organization that no one would like end none would gain from it. That is why by mid-June top US officials were pushing publicly for flexibility on the Glenn Amendment under which the sanctions were imposed. Secretary of State Madeleine Alright accepted that "American firms could suffer if other countries' corporations rushed in to take advantage of economic opportunities here (in India) while their (of US companies) hands were tied."
Union Commerce Minister Ramkrishna Hegde was more vociferous on May 18,1998 in the second ministerial conference of the World Trade Organization (WTO) in Geneva when he said, "India is one of the world's largest markets... that is our strength". "We are not going to be bullied around... we respect the rules of the multilateral trading system just as we have respected other international rules and we will ensure that our rights are safeguarded." "Trade sanctions announced by some countries will not have any effect on us", he said. Similar was the view of Colette Mathur, director, World Economic Forum when she said at the confederation of Indian Industries (CII) on Nov. 23, 1998 that "the nuclear tests have not had any negative impact on the Indian economy."Planning of Mihollin about the Indian Nuclear Power
Distrust is the quality of a person or a nation that is aggressive. It leads to anxiety which is wrapped in doubts. It is true both with Saddam and Clinton or says Iraq and the USA. It was just proved on December 17, 1998 when 200 US and UK aero planes attacked Iraq. After the Pokhran tests US has been worrying about the use of computer technology that India has developed to simulate its nuclear programmes.
According to Gary Mihollin, Director of the Wisconsin Project on nuclear Arms Control Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore secured a supercomputer in 1994 for its Supercomputing Education and Research Centre from International Business Machines'(IBM) based in the USA. It was capable of 1.4 billion operations per second. Later it was upgraded to 3.2 billion operations per second in March 1997. In June, 1997 the capability was again upgraded to 5.8 billion operations per second. Mihollin is worried that these up grading (which were done without licenses and were in contravention of US Laws) together with the super computer secured by the IISc in 1996 from Digital Equipment Corporation can be used to model the thrust of a rocket, calculate the heat and pressure on a warhead entering the Earth's atmosphere and simulate virtually every other force affecting a missile from launch to impact.
According to Mihollin IBM ought to have obtained an export license as it is necessary if it sells a supercomputer performing more than 2 billion operations per second. But actually when it was secured it had the capability of 1.4 billion only. Moreover it was procured by SERC for research work only. "Besides we have enough indigenous supercomputer power around if needed to do the job", said an Indian official.
Related Article: The Reaction of all Countries about the Nuclear test conducted by India- Part 2
